Spanish influence in america
America before the arrival of the Spaniards pdf
Many were the factors that influenced the development of the peoples and also of the tribes in America, the climatic characteristics, the migrations within the continent itself, the interaction of the cultures both for military activities or for trade. But always isolated from the rest of the world, without the influence of Chinese or Greco-Roman philosophies, without technological discoveries such as gunpowder or steel, with a conception of the economy based more on human strength and agriculture than on precious metals. Due to these factors, the development of human civilizations in the continent was very peculiar and its study is carried out in a very particular way.
It was in the XV, XVI and XVII centuries when the exploration, invasion and colonization by the European states in the American continent was carried out in a forceful way, at that time the American peoples were in unequal cultural development, from nomadic hunter-gatherers, to more advanced cultures that had demonstrated knowledge in architecture, astronomy, mathematics and medicine.
What was the influence of the Spanish in America?
The cultural influence of Spain in America between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries was mainly due to commercial exchanges and the great exportation of books - on all kinds of subjects - from Hispanic ports to American lands.
What did Spain bring to the Americas?
-Aqueduct, sewerage, roads, irrigation, education, sanitation, wine, public baths, law and order.
How did the Spanish conquest influence the culture of the American people?
The Spanish conquest caused the destructuring of the aboriginal American world, that is to say, the historical development of great civilizations and important cultures was interrupted forever.
Cultural Characteristics of the Americas in the 15th Century
The fall in fertility was the main characteristic of the regional demographic transformation in the second half of the 20th century. Latin America and the Caribbean went from very high fertility rates (5.5 children per woman) in the period 1965-1970 to rates slightly below what is known as replacement level (2.05 children per woman) between 2015 and 2020.
Source: United Nations, "World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables," Working Paper, No. 241 (ESA/P/WP.241), New York, Population Division, 2015 [online] http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/
The main consequence of this phenomenon is the transformation of the age structure, which implies the aging of the population. That is, there will be a gradual shift from young societies to mature societies, and from these, to aging societies.
A major challenge that is already present in the region is to prepare health systems for aging societies, which is directly related to SDG 3, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages, but particularly to target 3.8 to "achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all".
The arrival of the Spaniards in America
-The horses. On May 23, 1493, the history of the horse in America began with a document from the Catholic Monarchs ordering the shipment to the New World of twenty horses and five mares chosen from the kingdom of Granada. During his second voyage, Christopher Columbus took with him these horses, which were a fundamental weapon of the conquistadors. Mounted on horseback and, at least at first, with shining armor, the conquistadors conveyed the image of being almost mythical beings in the eyes of the local population.
These are the original civilizations that developed in the Americas.
The ideology of Chilean independence (1810-1818) is usually analyzed on the basis of the influence that enlightened liberalism exerted on it. However, a new reading of the texts written in the context of the emancipation can also reveal the relevance of the classical Greco-Roman model for the configuration and legitimization of the first republican projects. How and why did the classics become models to follow? Which authors were considered as referents in the context of independence? A review of the circulation of books and the practices of writing and reading, which dominated from the eighteenth century in Latin America, reveals the process by which the classics nurtured part of the imaginary of the Chilean patriots.
María Gabriela Huidobro Salazar. Dean of the Faculty of Education, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile. PhD in History. Researcher Fondecyt, project n° 11130585, "Classical tradition in the prose and rhetoric of Chile's independence (1810-1820)" (In press: 2015) "Civic humanism and classical tradition in the dawn of Chile's republic", Revista Complutense de Historia, América.mhuidobro@unab.cl.
